Peer Review: How Science Checks Its Own Work
Peer review is the evaluation of scientific work by independent experts in the same field, designed to verify accuracy and improve quality before publication.
General Science
4 glossary terms
General science covers the concepts that cut across disciplines rather than sitting neatly in any one of them. The terms in this section tend to describe research methods, measurement units, or ideas that underpin multiple fields at once. You will find definitions useful for making sense of scientific literature in any discipline. With only a handful of terms, this is a small but broadly applicable section, and one we expect to grow as we continue to encounter concepts that belong to science as a whole rather than to a single branch of it.
Replication Crisis: Why Most Scientific Studies Can't Be Repeated
The replication crisis is the widespread failure to reproduce published scientific results, casting doubt on findings across psychology, medicine, and other fields.
Experimental Observation: How Scientists Turn Tests into Evidence
Experimental observation is the systematic recording of what happens during a controlled test, where a researcher manipulates conditions and measures the outcomes.
Computer-based Simulation: How Science Tests What It Cannot Touch
A computer-based simulation uses mathematical models to reproduce real-world systems, letting scientists test scenarios too costly, slow, or dangerous to run physically.